Laws of conduct and worship. You shall not follow a crowd to do [something] evil, nor shall you testify at a trial or in a dispute so as to side with a crowd in order to pervert justice; nor shall you favor or be partial to a poor man in his dispute [simply because he is poor]. Exo 23:2-3
INTRODUCTION TO THE OLD TESTAMENT
The Nation Israel Delivered and Organized
III. ISRAEL AT SINAI, Exodus 19:1-40:38
2. The Ten Commandments and Other Laws, Exodus 20:1-23:33
43. What was the law of the seventh year and of the seventh day? What were the three great annual feasts?
LAWS ABOUT SOCIAL JUSTICE
“You shall not give a false report; you shall not join hands with the wicked to be a malicious witness [promoting wrong and violence].
You shall not follow a crowd to do [something] evil, nor shall you testify at a trial or in a dispute so as to side with a crowd in order to pervert justice;
nor shall you favor or be partial to a poor man in his dispute [simply because he is poor].
“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey wandering off, you must bring it back to him.
If you see the donkey of one who hates you lying helpless under its load, you shall not leave the man to deal with it [alone]; you must help him release the animal [from its burden].
“You shall not pervert (bend) the justice due to your poor in his dispute.
Keep far away from a false charge or action, and do not condemn to death the innocent or the righteous, for I will not justify and acquit the guilty.
“You shall not accept a bribe, for a bribe blinds the clear-sighted and subverts the testimony and the cause of the righteous.
“You shall not oppress a stranger, for you know the soul [the feelings, thoughts, and concerns] of a stranger, for you were strangers in Egypt.
LAWS ABOUT THE SABBATH AND FESTIVALS
“You shall sow your land six years and harvest its yield,
but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie uncultivated, so that the poor among your people may eat [what the land grows naturally]; whatever they leave the animals of the field may eat. You shall do the same with your vineyard and olive grove.
“Six days [each week] you shall do your work, but on the seventh day you shall stop [working] so that your ox and your donkey may settle down and rest, and the son of your female servant, as well as your stranger, may be refreshed.
Now concerning everything which I have said to you, be on your guard; do not mention the name of other gods [either in a blessing or in a curse]; do not let such speech be heard [coming] from your mouth.
“Three times a year you shall celebrate a feast [dedicated] to Me.
You shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread; for seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, at the appointed time in the month of Abib, for in it you came out of Egypt. No one shall appear before Me empty-handed [but you shall bring sacrificial offerings].
Also [you shall observe] the Feast of Harvest (Weeks, Pentecost, or First Fruits), acknowledging the first fruits of your labor, of what you sow in the field. And [third] the Feast of Ingathering (Booths or Tabernacles) at the end of the year when you gather in [the fruit of] your labors from the field.
Three times a year all your males shall appear before the Lord GOD.
“You shall not offer the blood of My sacrifice with leavened bread; and the fat of My feast is not to be left overnight until morning.
“You shall bring the choice first fruits of your ground into the house of the LORD your God. “You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.
Comments by
F.B.Meyer
On
Exodus 23:1-19
LAWS OF CONDUCT AND WORSHIP
We may apply these various precepts to our own hearts. Many of them breathe the very spirit of Christ. We must watch our speech, so that no man’s character may suffer by our gossip or slander. We must dare to stand for the truth, though we stand absolutely alone. With all kindness and good will we must save our neighbor from damage, even though he has vented on us his spleen. It is never for us to take advantage of him; God will deal with him on our behalf, and in His own time and way. Let us not fret ourselves to do evil. David’s example in refusing to injure Saul when his bitter enemy was within his reach is an inspiring example for us to follow. We must hold an even balance for just and honorable dealing with all men; and cultivate the Sabbath-keeping of the heart. In every life, also, there should be perpetual memory of Calvary, the Resurrection and Pentecost-the three feasts of the soul!
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