The Feast Of Unleavened Bread. In the celebration of the Passover in future years,] seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, but on the first day you shall remove the leaven from your houses [because it represents the spread of sin]; for whoever eats leavened bread on the first day through the seventh day, that person shall be cut off and excluded from [the atonement made for] Israel. Exo 12:15
INTRODUCTION TO THE OLD TESTAMENT
The Nation Israel Delivered and Organized
ISRAEL IN EGYPT, Exodus 1:8-12:36
24. What instructions were given as to its annual observance?
THE PASSOVER
[In the celebration of the Passover in future years,] seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, but on the first day you shall remove the leaven from your houses [because it represents the spread of sin]; for whoever eats leavened bread on the first day through the seventh day, that person shall be cut off and excluded from [the atonement made for] Israel.
On the first day [of the feast] you shall have a holy and solemn assembly, and on the seventh day there shall be another holy and solemn assembly; no work of any kind shall be done on those days, except for the preparation of food which every person must eat–only that may be done by you.
You shall also observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, because on this very day I brought your hosts [grouped according to tribal armies] out of the land of Egypt; therefore you shall observe this day throughout your generations as an ordinance forever.
In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, [and continue] until the twenty-first day of the month at evening.
Seven days no leaven shall be found in your houses; whoever eats what is leavened shall be cut off and excluded from [the atonement made for] the congregation of Israel, whether a stranger or native-born. [1Co_5:6-8]
You shall eat nothing leavened; in all your dwellings you shall eat unleavened bread.'”
Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go and take a lamb for yourselves according to [the size of] your families and slaughter the Passover lamb.
You shall take a bunch of hyssop, dip it in the blood which is in the basin, and touch some of the blood to the lintel [above the doorway] and to the two doorposts; and none of you shall go outside the door of his house until morning.
For the LORD will pass through to strike the Egyptians; and when He sees the blood on the lintel [above the entry way] and on the two doorposts, the LORD will pass over the door and will not allow the destroyer to come into your houses to slay you.
You shall observe this event [concerning Passover] as an ordinance for you and for your children forever.
When you enter the land which the LORD will give you, as He has promised, you shall keep and observe this service.
When your children say to you, ‘What does this service mean to you?’
you shall say, ‘It is the sacrifice of the LORD’S Passover, for He passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when He struck the Egyptians, but spared our houses.'” And the people bowed [their heads] low and worshiped [God].
Then the Israelites went and did [as they had been told]: just as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.
Comments by
F.B.Meyer
On
Exodus 12:15-28
THE FEAST OF UNLEAVENED BREAD
The inmate of the house did not see the sprinkled blood. It was not necessary to be always going forth to look at it. It was clearly not a matter for his emotion or his intelligence. It was an accomplished fact, and it was enough for God to see it: “When I see the blood I will pass over.” Abide thou in Christ. It is not necessary to try to understand, or feel; just be quiet and trust the finished work and the sworn promise of God. He hath said: “Whosoever believeth shall not perish.” The Lamb slain is in the middle of the throne; it is enough.
Let us keep the feast, not with the leavened bread of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth. Remember that you must put away all ferment, and all that partakes of disease, decay, or death that God may be able to tarry in the house of your life, and be your fellow-pilgrim in the march of life.
Comments by
WILLIAM MACDONALD
Believers Bible Commentary
On
Exodus 12:1-30
IV. MOSES’ CONFRONTATIONS WITH PHARAOH (5:1–7:13)
VI. THE PASSOVER AND THE DEATH OF THE FIRSTBORN (11:1–12:30)
12:1-10 The LORD gave detailed instructions to Moses and Aaron on how to prepare for the primary Passover. The lamb, of course, is a type of the Lord Jesus Christ (1Co_5:7). It was to be without blemish, speaking of the sinlessness of Christ; a male of the first year, perhaps suggesting our Lord’s being cut off in the prime of life; kept until the fourteenth day of the . . . month, pointing forward to the Savior’s thirty years of private life in Nazareth, during which He was tested by God, then publicly for three years by the full scrutiny of man; killed by the congregation of Israel, as Christ was taken by wicked hands and slain (Act_2:23); killed at twilight, between the ninth and eleventh hours, as Jesus was killed at the ninth hour (Mat_27:45-50). Its blood was to be applied to the door, bringing salvation from the destroyer (v. 7), just as the blood of Christ, appropriated by faith, brings salvation from sin, self, and Satan. The flesh was to be roasted with fire, picturing Christ enduring God’s wrath against our sins. It was to be eaten with unleavened bread and with bitter herbs, symbolizing Christ as the food of His people. We should live lives of sincerity and truth, without the leaven of malice and wickedness, and with true repentance, always remembering the bitterness of Christ’s suffering. Not a bone of the lamb was to be broken (v. 46), a stipulation that was literally fulfilled in the case of our Lord (Joh_19:36).
12:11-20 The first Passover was to be observed by a people ready to travel, a reminder to us that pilgrims on a long journey should travel light. The Passover was so named because the Lord passed over the houses where the blood was applied. The expression “passover” does not mean “pass by.” Cole explains:
Whether it was correct etymology or a pun, pesah to Israel meant “a passing-over” or “a leaping over” and was applied to God’s act in history on this occasion, in sparing Israel.
The Passover was on the fourteenth day of Israel’s religious calendar year (v. 2). Closely connected with the Passover was the Feast of Unleavened Bread. On that first Passover night, the people left Egypt in such a hurry that there was no time for the dough to become leavened (vv. 34, 39). Thereafter, in keeping the Feast for seven days, they would be reminded of the speed of their exodus. But since leaven speaks of sin, they would also be reminded that those who have been redeemed by blood should leave sin and the world (Egypt) behind them. Whoever ate leavened bread would be cut off—that is, excluded from the camp and its privileges. In some contexts, the expression “cut off” means condemned to death.
12:21-27 Next we hear Moses passing on the instructions to the elders of the people. Further details are given about how to sprinkle the blood on the door. The hyssop may picture faith, which makes a personal application of the blood of Christ. The Passover would provide a springboard for teaching future generations the story of redemption when they would ask the meaning of the ceremony.
12:28-30 At midnight the blow finally fell as threatened. There was a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where there was not one dead. The Israelites were at last permitted to leave.
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